Registered Environmental Manager (REM) Practice Exam

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Which method involves converting seawater into fresh water?

Wastewater treatment
Desalination
Rainwater harvesting
Importing water

The correct answer is: Desalination

Desalination is the process specifically designed to convert seawater into fresh water by removing the salt and other impurities present in seawater. This method typically involves various technologies, such as reverse osmosis or distillation, to extract fresh water from seawater. It plays a crucial role in areas where freshwater resources are scarce but seawater is abundant, providing a viable solution to water scarcity issues. Wastewater treatment focuses on purifying used water from various sources, including households and industries, to make it safe for discharge or reuse, but it does not convert seawater into fresh water. Rainwater harvesting captures and utilizes rainwater for consumption or irrigation, relying on weather patterns rather than processing seawater. Importing water involves bringing freshwater from other locations, rather than producing it from seawater. Therefore, the method that directly addresses the conversion of seawater into fresh water is desalination.